Pashto Alphabet
| Pashto Letter | Name | Sound | English Sound Equivalent | Pashto Example | Transliteration | Translation | Final | Medial | Initial | Additional details (dialect, grammar, etc) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ا | Alif | ā | bark | انګوړی (انار) | Angorrhi (Anar) | Pomegranate | ـا | ـا | آ, ا | |
| ب | Bey | b | born | باران | Baaraan | Rain | ـب | ـبـ | بـ | |
| پ | Pey | p | peel | پرون | Paroon | Yesterday | ـپ | ـپـ | پـ | |
| ت | Tey | t | time | تيار | Tayar | Ready | ـت | ـتـ | تـ | |
| ټ | Ttey | tt | tower | ټول | Ttol | All | ـټ | ـټـ | ټـ | |
| ث | Sey | s | smile | ثور | Sour | 2nd Month of the Year | ـث | ـثـ | ثـ | |
| ج | Jim | j (or ǰ) | jug | جال | Jall | Net | ـج | ـجـ | جـ | |
| چ | Chey | ch | cheese | چاينکه | Chainaka | Tea Pot | ـچ | ـچـ | چـ | |
| ح | Hey | h | house | حج | Haj | Pilgrimage | ـح | ـحـ | حـ | |
| خ | Khey | kh | Loch (Scottish pronounciation) |
خټکی | Khattaky | Melon | ـخ | ـخـ | خـ | |
| څ | Tsey | ts | cats | څاه | Saa | Well | ـڅ | ـڅـ | څـ | North: ‘Ts’ as in Tsaranga Ye South: ‘Ch’ as in Charanga Ye |
| ځ | Dzim | dz | ads | ځنګل | Dzungal | Jungle | ـځ | ـځـ | ځـ | North: ‘Z’ as in Zanawar South: ‘J’ as in Janawar |
| د | Dal | d | day | دکان | Dukaan | Store | ـد | ـد | د | |
| ډ | Ddal | dd | dog | ډوډۍ | Ddodey | Bread | ـډ | ـډ | ډ | |
| ذ | Zal | z | zoo | اذان | Athaan | Athaan | ـذ | ـذ | ذ | |
| ر | Rey | r | rain | اره | Arah | Saw (tool) | ـر | ـر | ر | |
| ړ | Rrey | rr | marrow | چاړه | Charrah | Knife | ـړ | ـړ | ړ | |
| ز | Zey | z | zoo | زرګر | Zargar | Goldsmith | ـز | ـز | ز | |
| ژ | Zhey | zh | vision, delusion, division | ژبه | Zhbah | Tongue | ـژ | ـژ | ژ | |
| ږ | ZZhey | zh/g | Please click on letter name | غوږ | Ghwag | Ear | ـږ | ـږ | ږ | North: ‘G’ as in Gwag South: ‘Zh’ as in Gwazh |
| س | Sin | s | biscuit | سپی | Spee | Dog | ـس | ـسـ | سـ | |
| ش | Shin | sh | shoot | داش | Daash | Oven | ـش | ـشـ | شـ | |
| ښ | Khin | kh | Please click on letter name | ښکر | Khkar | Horn (animal) | ـښ | ـښـ | ښـ | |
| ص | Swad | s | see | صابون | Saboon | Soap | ـص | ـصـ | صـ | |
| ض | Zwad | z | zoo | ضعيف | Zayeef | Weak | ـض | ـضـ | ضـ | |
| ط | Toey | t | think | طبله | Tabla | Tabla (instrument) | ـط | ـطـ | طـ | |
| ظ | Zoey | z | zebra | منظره | Monzara | Scenery | ـظ | ـظـ | ظـ | |
| ع | Ayn | a | bark | ساعت | Saat | Watch (jewelry) | ـع | ـعـ | عـ | |
| غ | Ghayn | gh(or γ) | Please click on letter name | غر | Ghar | Mountain | ـغ | ـغـ | غـ | |
| ف | Fey | f | fine | تيلفون | Telefoon | Telephone | ـف | ـفـ | فـ | |
| ق | Qaf | q | queue | قلف | Qulf | Lock | ـق | ـقـ | قـ | |
| ک | Kaf | k | keep | کورتۍ | Kortey | Coat | ـک | ـکـ | کـ | |
| ګ | Gaf | g | gold | ګازره | Gazara | Carrot | ـګ | ـګـ | ګـ | |
| ل | Lam | l | lamb | لمر | Lmar | Sun | ـل | ـلـ | لـ | |
| م | Mim | m | minute | مار | Maar | Snake | ـم | ـمـ | مـ | |
| ن | Nun | n | near | ونه | Wona | Tree | ـن | ـنـ | نـ | |
| ڼ | Nnrun | ṇ(or nn) | barn, yarn | پاڼه | Panrha | Leaf | ـڼ | ـڼـ | ڼـ | |
| و | Wow | w, u, o | watch soup | واوره | Wowra | Snow | ـو | ـو | و | W’ sound at the begining of a word ‘Ou’ sound in the middle/end of a word |
| ه | Garda Hey | h, a | hey ; stuck (Cockney) | تېره | Teyra | Sharp | ـه | ـهـ | هـ | More prounounced H sound at the end of a word |
| ي | (T)sarangda Yey | y, i | yacht; week (General American) | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | ـي | ـيـ | يـ | Please see Yaagaany section below |
| ې | úǵda ye long yē |
e | eight [Note: [e] is not lengthened] | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | ـې | ـېـ | ېـ | Please see Yaagaany section below |
| ی | Narina Ye | ay, y | gay | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | ـی | ـ | ـ | Please see Yaagaany section below |
| ۍ | Khazina Yey | əi | kind | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | ـۍ | ـ | ـ | Please see Yaagaany section below |
| ئ | Hamza Wala Yey | əi, y | kind or see | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | Please see Yaagaany section below | ـئ | ـئـ | ئـ | Please see Yaagaany section below |
Yaagaany
| Pashto Alphabet | Name of Letter | Grammatical Usage | Pashto Example | Transliteration | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ی | Narina Yey Narma Yey Be Tako Yey |
At the end of a masculine singular noun, adjective | ښکلی سړی سپرلی ژؤندی |
1. Khkulay 2. Sarray 3. Sparlay 4. Zhwanday |
1. Beautiful 2. Man 3. Spring 4. Alive |
| ي | (T)sarangda Yey | At the end of a masculine plural noun, adjective | سړی ــــ سړي سپرلی — سپرلي پردی — پردي |
1. Sarri (from singular ‘sarray’) 2. Sparli (from singular ‘sparlay’) 3. Pradi (from singular ‘praday’) |
1. Men 2. Springs 3. Foreign |
| ې | Ugda Yey | At the end of a feminine plural noun, adjective | ډیوه — ډیوې مڼه — مڼې شغله — شغلې پاڼه — پاڼې |
1. Diwey (from singular ‘diwa’) 2. Manrrey (from singular ‘manrra’) 3. Shughley (from singular ‘shugla’) 4. Paanrrey (from singular ‘paanrra’) |
1. Candles 2. Apples 3. Occupations 4. Plant Leaves |
| ۍ | Khazina Yey Khadzina Yey |
At the end of a feminine singular noun, adjective | ګلالۍ لېونۍ نړۍ څوکالۍ |
1. Gulalai 2. Lewanai 3. Narrai 4. Tsokaalai |
1. Common female name 2. Mad (feminine) 3. World 4. Proseperous |
| ئ | Hamza Larunky Yey Hamza Wala Yey |
At the end of an action/verb | کېنئ کوئ زئ |
1. Kenai 2. Kawai 3. Zai |
1. Sit 2. Doing 3. Go |